1. Establish and maintain a regular
sleep schedule. Consistently follow a regular routine
of preparing for bed, a regular bedtime, and regular arising time
seven days a week, both at home and when traveling. If your sleep
is interrupted, still get up at the same time so as not to ruin the
next night’s sleep rhythm.
2. Avoid caffeine,
tobacco/nicotine, and alcohol, especially in the evening.
Caffeine and nicotine will delay your sleep, and alcohol may interrupt
your sleep later in the night.
3. Exercise
regularly (daily) and in moderate amounts, preferably in
the morning or afternoon (about 3-5hrs before bed time). Avoid
vigorous exercise in the evening and just before bed.
4. Create an
optimal and comfortable sleeping environment (i.e. supportive
mattress, soft pillow, well-ventilated, cool but not cold 60-65 F,
relatively soundproof, dark). Eyeshades, window blinds, or earplugs
can be used to help block noise and unwanted light. Minimize distractions.
(i.e. Move/keep your clock out of view, and have your pet sleep somewhere
else.)
5. Relax and
unwind with calming activities for an hour prior to sleeping
(i.e. warm hot bath, light reading, music). Avoid worrisome thinking
and stress when trying to sleep (i.e. relaxation exercises).
6. Avoid spicy
foods and heavy eating in the evening (i.e. large meals,
large quantities of liquids). Try eating a light snack, drinking herbal
tea, or warm milk, and don’t go to bed with hunger pangs.
7. Reserve
your bedroom and bed for sleeping only. Limit your time in
bed (i.e. don’t study, watch TV, eat, or read in bed).
8. Don’t
take naps during the day or evening. If sleepiness becomes
overwhelming, limit naps to 30 min or less before 3 P.M.
9. Avoid lying
awake in bed for long periods of time. If you’re unable
to sleep after 30 min, get out of bed, but stay quiet and relaxed,
then try to sleep again. Don’t allow yourself to fall asleep
outside of your bedroom.
10. Make sleep
a priority. Determine and obtain your optimal nightly amount
of sleep (about 7-9 hours). Get as much sleep as you need, and make
up for lost sleep. Only sleep when you are sleepy.
11. Address
the sleeping problems of your partner – (tossing, turning,
snoring, sleep talking, periodically getting up throughout the night)
12. Keep mentally
stimulated throughout the day and eat a proper diet.
13. Be cautious
of over-the-counter sleeping pills. Side effects such as
daytime drowsiness may result.